Airbus revealed how it plans to produce Hydrogen-powered Aircraft by 2035.
The aviation industry is rapidly expanding, and technology is assisting airlines in reducing fuel use and improving passenger safety. Most of the new aero planes launched in the last decade have had fewer accidents, implying that theology has contributed to smoother aircraft operations.
However, as we have seen, most aircraft emissions are a substantial contributor to air pollution. To address this issue, most aerospace companies are designing new aircraft that are anticipated to minimize emissions while still being cost effective.
Airbus and Boeing are working hard to produce the most fuel-efficient and low-carbon aircraft possible. Boeing’s eco demonstrator, which was tested on Boeing 737 Max and 787 Dreamliner aircraft, has previously proven that sustainable aviation fuel can be flown effectively. Airbus, on the other hand, uses 100 percent sustainable aviation fuel in its A320 family of aircraft and the A350.
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Airbus provided the first report on its work in developing Hydrogen-powered aircraft, which are expected to be operational by 2035. The development of supportive components for aero planes, as well as their operations, is extremely difficult for the Airbus firm.
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One of the most promising solutions for reducing aviation’s climate effect is hydrogen. It emits no CO2 when it is produced using renewable energy sources. It provides roughly three times the energy per unit mass of ordinary jet fuel and more than 100 times the energy per unit mass of lithium-ion batteries. This makes it ideal for aviation propulsion.
Furthermore, hydrogen fuel cells generate electrical power, which is used to supplement the gas turbine, resulting in a highly efficient hybrid-electric propulsion system. All of these technologies work together to provide additional benefits.
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However, storing hydrogen on an aircraft presents a number of difficulties. Hydrogen may have more energy per unit of mass than kerosene, but it has less energy per unit of volume. To obtain the same amount of energy as one liter of kerosene fuel at normal atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature, approximately 3,000 liters of gaseous hydrogen would be required.
Obviously, this is not possible in flight. One option is to pressurize the hydrogen to 700 bars, which is a method utilized in the automotive industry. In airbus scenario, the 3,000 liters would be reduced to just six liter.
Developing hydrogen storage tanks is a huge challenge. That now consists of an inner and outer tank separated by a vacuum and a specialized material, such as MLI (multi-layer insulations), to reduce heat transfer through radiation.
Ariane’s involvement with Airbus, It is a series of civilian disposable launch vehicles developed by the European Union for use in space launches. This also applies to space technology, which aids in cryogenic testing and fuel sloshing management.
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safety aspect is especially significant since spacecraft operations differ from commercial aircraft, in that they must withstand about 20,000 take-offs and landings and must keep hydrogen in a liquid condition for a substantially longer period of time.
Airbus is planning to use hydrogen fuel and engines in its three aircraft frames for operations.
- Turbo fan
Behind the rear pressure bulkhead is the liquid hydrogen storage and distribution system for turbofan engines.
- Turbo prop
The storage and distribution system for liquid hydrogen is positioned behind the rear pressure bulkhead on turboprop engines.
- Blended-Wing Body.
Liquid hydrogen storage tanks are located beneath the wings for blended wing bodies. The propulsion is provided by two hybrid hydrogen turbofan engines.
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As a last remark, Airbus believes that liquid hydrogen tanks for commercial flights will most likely be metallic. Tanks made of composite materials, on the other hand, may be lighter and more cost-effective to manufacture in the long run.
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The Zero Emission Development Centers are projected to be completely operational and ready for ground testing in 2023, with flight testing beginning in 2025.
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