La próxima luna llena es la superluna de fresa. hidromiel, miel o flor de luna; plantación de flores, caliente, con azadón o luna; Fat Purnima Boson Boya y LRO Moon.

Muchas culturas que se remontan a la historia tienen diferentes nombres para las doce lunas llenas que se prueban cada año. Los nombres de luna llena a menudo se ven literalmente coloridos, como el nombre “Strawberry Supermoon”, ya que es fácil imaginar algo similar al concepto del artista anterior.

Sin embargo, los nombres no suelen estar basados ​​en un color, sino que suelen ser los nombres de una actividad que ocurre en esa época del año. Por ejemplo, el nombre Strawberry Moon proviene de las tribus algonquinas nativas americanas que viven en lo que ahora es el noreste de los Estados Unidos y la temporada de cosecha de fresas relativamente corta en el área.

Esta luna de fresa es un regalo especial porque no es una luna llena ordinaria, sino una luna gigante. Esto ocurre cuando la órbita de la Luna está lo más cerca posible de la Tierra, presentándonos una Luna más grande y brillante.

La próxima luna llena será la mañana del martes 14 de junio de 2022 y aparecerá frente al Sol en la longitud de la Tierra a las 7:52 a. m. EDT. Esto sería el lunes por la noche para la zona horaria IDL, el martes para muchas zonas horarias en la Tierra y el miércoles por la mañana desde la zona horaria estándar de Chatham hacia el este hasta la IDL. La luna aparecerá llena durante unos tres días centrada en este momento, desde el domingo por la noche hasta el miércoles por la mañana.

Una luna, muchos nombres

En la década de 1930, el calendario Maine Farmer’s Almanac comenzó a publicar los nombres de los nativos americanos para las lunas llenas. De acuerdo con este calendario, las tribus algonquinas en lo que ahora es el noreste de los Estados Unidos se llamaban la Luna de Fresa. El nombre proviene de la temporada de cosecha de fresas relativamente corta en la región.

El antiguo nombre europeo para esta luna llena es Mead o Honey Moon. La hidromiel es una bebida creada por la fermentación de miel mezclada con agua y, a veces, con frutas, especias, cereales o lúpulo. En algunos países, el hidromiel también se llama vino de miel (aunque en otros el vino de miel se elabora de manera diferente). Algunos escritos indican que la época cercana a fines de junio era el momento en que la miel estaba lista para ser cosechada, lo que hacía que esta luna fuera “más dulce”. La palabra “luna de miel” se remonta al menos al siglo XV en Europa. La tradición de nombrar ‘luna de miel’ al primer mes de matrimonio puede estar relacionada con esta luna llena por la costumbre de casarse en junio o porque ‘luna de miel’ es la luna más ‘dulce’ del año. No parece haber ninguna evidencia que respalde la teoría del siglo XIX de que la palabra ingresó al idioma inglés a partir de la costumbre de regalar a los recién casados ​​​​en el primer mes de su matrimonio.

Otro nombre europeo para esta luna llena es luna rosa. Algunas fuentes indican que el nombre “Rosa Luna” proviene de las rosas que florecen en esta época del año. Otros sugieren que el nombre proviene del color de la luna llena. La órbita de la Luna alrededor de la Tierra está aproximadamente al mismo nivel que la órbita de la Tierra alrededor del Sol (solo alrededor de 5 grados). En el solsticio de verano, el sol aparece más alto en el cielo durante todo el año. Las lunas llenas son lo opuesto al sol, por lo que una luna llena cerca del solsticio de verano estará baja en el cielo. Especialmente para las latitudes más altas de Europa, cuando la luna llena está baja, brilla a través de una mayor parte de la atmósfera, por lo que es más probable que sea de color rojizo (por las mismas razones por las que el amanecer y el atardecer son rojos). Para la región de Washington, D.C., a la 1:56 a. m. EDT de la mañana del 15 de junio de 2022, la luna llena alcanzará su punto más alto a solo 23,3 grados sobre el horizonte sur, la luna llena más baja del año.

Otros nombres estacionales para esta luna llena que he encontrado mencionados en varias fuentes (a veces con información contradictoria sobre si son de origen europeo o nativo americano) son Flower Moon, Hot Moon, Hoe Moon y Planting Moon.

Para los hindúes, esto es Fat Purnima. Durante los tres días de esta luna llena, las mujeres casadas demostrarán su amor por sus maridos atando un hilo festivo alrededor de un árbol de higuera. La celebración se basa en la leyenda de Savitri y Satyavan.

Para los budistas, esto es Boson Boya. La festividad de Boson en Sri Lanka celebra la introducción del budismo en el 236 a.

Otra tribu también le dio un nombre a esta luna llena. Esta tribu ahora está muy extendida, pero vive principalmente en la región del Atlántico medio de los Estados Unidos. El idioma de esta tribu es principalmente el inglés, pero con algunos acrónimos liberales y una jerga científica y de ingeniería oscura y frases de Hawái (contribuido alegremente por el exdirector adjunto del proyecto). Esta tribu estaba formada por personas de todos los orígenes, muchos de los cuales se unieron a otras tribus, y esta tribu se dedicó al estudio de la luna. Esta tribu llama a la luna llena de junio LRO Moon, en honor a la nave espacial que lanzó hacia la luna el 18 de junio de 2009. Orbitador de reconocimiento lunar de la NASA Todavía orbita la Luna para proporcionar información sobre nuestro vecino celestial más cercano, algunas de las cuales nos ayudan a comprender nuestro planeta.

superluna de fresa

Esta será una súper luna. El término “súper luna” fue acuñado por el astrólogo Richard Noll en 1979 y se refiere a una luna nueva o luna llena que ocurre cuando la luna está dentro del 90% de su perigeo, su acercamiento más cercano a la Tierra. Dado que no podemos ver una luna nueva (excepto cuando pasa frente al sol), lo que ha llamado la atención del público en las últimas décadas son las lunas llenas supergigantes, ya que son las lunas llenas más grandes y brillantes del año. Dado que el punto de perigeo varía con cada órbita, diferentes publicaciones utilizan diferentes umbrales para determinar qué lunas llenas califican como superlunas, pero todos están de acuerdo en que en 2022 calificará una luna llena en junio y julio.

luna y calendarios

En muchos calendarios lunares y lunares tradicionales, las lunas llenas caen cerca de la mitad de los meses lunares. Esta luna llena cae a la mitad del quinto mes del calendario chino, Sivan en el calendario hebreo y Dhu al-Qadah en el calendario islámico (uno de los cuatro meses sagrados durante los cuales está prohibida la guerra).

Como de costumbre, se recomienda el uso de vestimenta celestial apropiada para la celebración en honor a la luna.

Aquí hay un resumen de los eventos celestiales desde ahora hasta la próxima luna llena (con tiempos y ángulos basados ​​en la ubicación).[{” attribute=””>NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C.):

As spring ends and summer begins, the daily periods of sunlight reach their longest on the solstice and begin shortening again. The solar days (as measured, for example, from solar noon to solar noon on a sundial) are longer than 24 hours near the solstices, so the earliest sunrises of the year occur before the summer solstice and the latest sunsets of the year occur after the solstice.

This year, Monday and Tuesday, June 13 and 14, 2022, are tied for the earliest sunrises of the year, with sunrise at 5:42:11 a.m. EDT and morning twilight starting at 4:30 a.m. On Tuesday, June 14 (the day of the full moon), morning twilight will begin at 4:30 a.m., sunrise will be one of these earliest sunrises at 5:42 a.m., solar noon will be at 1:08:24 p.m. when the Sun will reach its maximum altitude of 74.41 degrees, sunset will be at 8:35 p.m., and evening twilight will end at 9:47 p.m.

The summer solstice will be on Tuesday morning, June 21, at 5:13 a.m. On the day of the solstice, morning twilight will begin at 4:31 a.m., sunrise will be at 5:43 a.m., solar noon will be at 1:09:49 p.m. when the Sun reaches its highest for the year at 74.56 degrees, sunset will be at 8:37 p.m. (making this the longest period from sunrise to sunset, 14 hours, 53 minutes, 42.1 seconds), and evening twilight will end at 9:49 p.m. Monday and Tuesday, June 27 and 28, are tied for the latest sunsets of the year, with sunset at 8:37:29 p.m. By Wednesday, July 13 (the day of the full moon after next), morning twilight will begin at 4:43 a.m., sunrise will be at 5:54 a.m., solar noon will be at 1:13:53 p.m. when the Sun will reach its maximum altitude of 72.87 degrees, sunset will be at 8:34 p.m., and evening twilight will end at 9:44 p.m.

Evening Sky Highlights

On the evening of Tuesday, June 14, 2022, (the day of the full moon) as evening twilight ends at 9:47 p.m. EDT, the rising full moon will appear 3 degrees above the southeastern horizon. The bright star appearing closest to overhead will be Arcturus at 70 degrees above the southern horizon. Arcturus, the 4th brightest star in our night sky, is about 37 light-years from Earth and nearly the same mass as our Sun, but older. Arcturus has used up its core hydrogen and become a red giant, swelling to about 25 times its previous size and shining about 170 times brighter than the Sun. Our Sun is about halfway through this lifecycle and is expected to become a red giant in about 5 billion years.

As the lunar cycle progresses the background of stars will appear to shift westward each evening (although it is actually the Earth that is moving around the Sun toward the East). The waxing Moon will pass near the bright stars Pollux on June 30, Regulus on July 2 and 3, Spica on July 7, and Antares on July 10, 2022.

By the evening of Wednesday, July 13, 2022, as evening twilight ends (at 9:44 p.m. EDT), the full moon will appear 5 degrees above the southeastern horizon. Two bright stars will be tied for closest to overhead, with Vega 60 degrees above the east-northeastern horizon and Arcturus 59 degrees above the west-southwestern horizon. Vega, the 5th brightest star in our night sky, is about 25 light-years from Earth. Vega is about twice the mass of our Sun but shines 40 times brighter.

Morning Sky Highlights

On the morning of Tuesday, June 14, 2022, (the day of the full moon), as morning twilight begins (at 4:30 a.m. EDT), four of the five visible planets will appear in a line above the east-southeastern horizon, with Saturn to the upper right at 35 degrees above the south-southeastern horizon, Jupiter at 29 degrees above the east-southeastern horizon, Mars at 25 degrees above the east-southeastern horizon, and Venus to the lower left at 6 degrees above the east-northeastern horizon. About 6 minutes after morning twilight begins, Mercury will rise above the east-southeastern horizon, appearing nearly as bright as Mars and Saturn. With Mercury joining the lineup of planets to the lower left of Venus, we will be able to see all six of the visible planets at the same time, with all but the Earth (which we can see all the time) lined up from the lower left to upper right in order of their distance from the Sun. The full moon will appear 8 degrees above the southwestern horizon.

The “Summer Triangle” will be overhead, with the bright star Deneb appearing closest to overhead at 83 degrees above the north-northwestern horizon. Deneb is about 20 times more massive than our Sun but has used up its hydrogen and expanded into a blue-white supergiant with a diameter about 200 times that of our Sun. If Deneb were in the same place as our Sun, it would extend to about the orbit of the Earth. Deneb is about 2,600 light-years from Earth and is the 19th brightest star in our night sky.

As the lunar cycle progresses, the background of stars along with Jupiter, Saturn, and Mars will appear to shift westward each morning, although Mars will appear to shift more slowly. Venus will appear to shift the opposite way, closer to the eastern horizon each morning. For a few days around June 25 the planet Mercury will appear slightly above the east-northeastern horizon at the time morning twilight begins, so mornings in late June should be a good time to look for the visible planets in the sky lined up in order of their distance from the Sun. The waning Moon will pass near the planets Saturn on June 18, Jupiter on June 21, Mars on June 22 and 23, Venus on June 26, and Mercury on June 27, 2022.

By the morning of Wednesday, July 13, 2022, (the day of the full moon after next), as morning twilight begins (at 4:43 a.m. EDT), four of the five visible planets will appear in a line across the sky, with Saturn to the upper right at 34 degrees above the south-southwestern horizon, Jupiter at 48 degrees above the southeastern horizon, Mars at 39 degrees above the east-southeastern horizon, and Venus to the lower left at 7 degrees above the east-northeastern horizon. Mercury will no longer be visible in the glow of dawn, as it will rise less than 30 minutes before sunrise. The full moon will appear 4 degrees above the southwestern horizon. Deneb will still be the bright star appearing closest to overhead at 64 degrees above the west-northwestern horizon.

Detailed Daily Guide

Here is a more detailed, day-by-day listing of celestial events between now and the full moon after next. The times and angles are based on the location of NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C., and some of these details may differ for your location.

June 9-10

On Thursday night into early Friday morning, June 9 to 10, 2022, the bright star Spica will appear about 7 degrees to the lower left of the waxing gibbous moon. The Moon will appear about 45 degrees above the south-southwestern horizon as evening twilight ends (at 9:44 p.m. EDT). Spica will set first below the west-southwestern horizon about 5 hours later (on Friday morning at 2:46 a.m.).

June 12-13

On Sunday night into Monday morning, June 12 to 13, 2022, the bright star Antares will appear about 8 degrees to the lower left of the nearly full waxing gibbous moon. The Moon will appear about 23 degrees above the south-southeastern horizon as evening twilight ends (at 9:46 p.m. EDT). The Moon will reach its highest in the sky for the night 2 hours later at 11:46 p.m. By the time morning twilight begins Monday morning at 4:30 a.m., Antares will appear to the left of the Moon and the pair will be about 10 minutes from setting on the west-southwestern horizon. By Monday evening, as evening twilight ends, the Moon will have shifted to the other side of Antares. Antares will appear 8 degrees to the upper right of the Moon and the pair will separate as Monday night progresses.

June 13-14

For the Washington, D.C. area (and similar latitudes), the mornings of Monday and Tuesday, June 13 and 14, 2022, are tied for the earliest sunrise of the year. For the location of NASA Headquarters, morning twilight will start at 4:30 a.m. EDT and sunrise will be at 5:42:11 a.m. While the summer solstice is the day of the year with the longest period of daylight, the solar days near the solstice are longer than 24 hours, so the earliest sunrises of the year occur before and the latest sunsets occur after the summer solstice.

June 14: Next Full Moon

As mentioned above, the next full moon will be Tuesday morning, June 14, 2022, at 7:52 a.m. EDT. Less than 12 hours later, at 7:24 p.m., the Moon will be at perigee, its closest to the Earth for this orbit. This full moon is near enough to perigee to be a supermoon.

With the Moon appearing full from Sunday night through Wednesday morning, the full moon on Tuesday evening into Wednesday morning, June 14 to 15, 2022, will be the lowest full moon of the year, reaching only 23.3 degrees above the horizon Wednesday morning at 1:56 a.m. EDT.

June 16

Thursday morning, June 16, 2022, will be when the planet Mercury reaches its greatest angular separation from the Sun as seen from the Earth for this apparition (called greatest elongation), appearing half-lit through a large enough telescope. Because the angle of the line between the Sun and Mercury and the horizon changes with the seasons, the date when Mercury and the Sun appear farthest apart as seen from the Earth is not the same as when Mercury appears highest above the horizon before sunrise, which occurs 9 mornings later on June 25.

Our 24-hour day is based on the average length of a day throughout the year, but the actual length of a solar day varies (as measured for example from solar noon to solar noon) throughout the year. The period from solar noon on Saturday, June 18 to solar noon on Sunday, June 19, 2022, will be the longest solar day of this half of the year, a little over 13 seconds longer than 24 hours. This will not be the longest solar day of the year, as the solar days from November 17, 2022, to January 25, 2023, will be longer.

June 18

On Saturday morning, June 18, 2022, the planet Saturn will appear about 8 degrees to the upper left of the waning gibbous moon. The Moon will rise above the east-southeastern horizon around midnight (12:04 a.m. EDT) and morning twilight will begin around 4:30 a.m.

June 20

Monday, June 20, 2022, the waning Moon will appear half-full as it reaches its last quarter at 11:11 p.m. EDT when the Moon will be below the horizon.

June 21: Summer Solstice

On Tuesday morning, June 21, 2022, the bright planet Jupiter will appear about 6 degrees to the upper left of the waning half Moon. The Moon will rise above the eastern horizon after midnight at 1:32 a.m. EDT, and morning twilight will begin around 4:30 a.m.

Tuesday at 5:13 a.m. EDT will be the summer solstice, the astronomical end of spring, and the beginning of summer. On the day of the solstice, morning twilight will begin at 4:31 a.m., sunrise will be at 5:43 a.m., solar noon will be at 1:09:49 p.m. when the Sun will reach its highest for the year at 74.56 degrees, sunset will be at 8:37 p.m. (making this the longest period from sunrise to sunset, 14 hours, 53 minutes, 42.1 seconds), and evening twilight will end at 9:49 p.m.

June 22

Wednesday morning, June 22, 2022, the waning crescent moon will appear between the planets Jupiter and Mars. Mars will rise last above the eastern horizon well after midnight at 1:56 a.m. EDT, and the Moon will be 29 degrees above the east-southeastern horizon as morning twilight begins at 4:31 a.m.

June 23

On Thursday morning, June 23, 2022, the planet Mars will appear about 6 degrees to the upper right of the waning crescent Moon. The Moon will rise above the eastern horizon well after midnight at 2:19 a.m. EDT, and it will be 24 degrees above the eastern horizon as morning twilight begins at 4:31 a.m.

June 25

As twilight begins Saturday morning, June 25, 2022, the planet Mercury will barely clear the east-northeastern horizon, but this will be its highest for this apparition. Since Mercury will be bright enough to be visible as it rises even after morning twilight begins, mornings in late June should be a good time to look for all five of the visible planets lined up in the sky in order of their distance from the Sun (with one more planet visible beneath your feet).

June 16

On Sunday morning, June 26, 2022, the bright planet Venus will appear about 5 degrees to the right of the thin, waning crescent moon. Venus will rise above the east-northeastern horizon at 3:50 a.m. EDT, less than an hour before morning twilight begins, and it will be 7 degrees above the horizon when morning twilight begins at 4:32 a.m.

June 27

Monday morning, June 27, 2022, the planet Mercury will rise above the east-northeastern horizon about 4 degrees to the lower right of the thin, waning crescent Moon, just as morning twilight begins at 4:31 a.m. EDT. You might be able to see this pair low on the horizon before the sky becomes too bright with the dawn.

For the Washington, D.C .area and similar latitudes, Monday and Tuesday, June 27 and 28, 2022, are tied for the latest sunset of the year, with sunset at 8:37:29 p.m. EDT.

June 28

Tuesday evening, June 28, 2022, at 10:52 p.m. EDT, will be the new moon, when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun and will not be visible from the Earth.

June 29

Wednesday morning, June 29, 2022, at 2:09 a.m. EDT, the Moon will be at apogee, its farthest from the Earth for this orbit.

The day of, or the day after, the new moon marks the start of the new month for most lunisolar calendars. The sixth month of the Chinese calendar starts on Wednesday, June 29, 2022 (at midnight in China’s time zone, which is 12 hours ahead of EDT). Sundown on Wednesday, June 29, marks the start of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar.

In the Islamic lunar calendar, the months traditionally start with the first sighting of the waxing crescent Moon. Many Muslim communities now follow the Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia, which uses astronomical calculations to start months in a more predictable way. Using this calendar, sundown on Wednesday evening, June 29, 2022, will probably mark the beginning of Dhu al-Hijjah, although this is one of four months for which the calendar dates are often adjusted by the religious authorities of Saudi Arabia after actual sightings of the lunar crescent. Dhu al-Hijjah is the twelfth and final month of the Islamic year. It is one of the four sacred months during which fighting is forbidden. Dhu al-Hijjah is the month of the Hajj and the Festival of the Sacrifice. Making the Hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your life is one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

June 30

On Thursday evening, June 30, 2022, as twilight ends t 9:49 p.m. EDT, you might be able to see the bright star Pollux about 8 degrees to the right of the thin, waxing crescent Moon, which will be 2 degrees above the northwestern horizon, setting less than 15 minutes later.

July 2

On Saturday evening, July 2, 2022, the bright star Regulus will appear about 8 degrees to the left of the thin, waxing crescent moon. The Moon will be 16 degrees above the west-northwestern horizon as evening twilight ends at 9:49 p.m. EDT, and Regulus will set first less than 1.5 hours later at 11:15 p.m.

July 3

On Sunday evening, July 3, 2022, the bright star Regulus will appear about 8 degrees to the lower right of the thin, waxing crescent Moon. The Moon will be 22 degrees above the western horizon as evening twilight ends at 9:49 p.m. EDT, and Regulus will set first less than 1.5 hours later at 11:11 p.m.

July 4: Independence Day

Monday morning, July 4, 2022, at 3:10 a.m. EDT, the Earth will be at aphelion, its farthest away from the Sun in its orbit, 3.4% farther away than it was at perihelion in early January. Since the intensity of light changes as the square of the distance, sunlight reaching the Earth at aphelion is about 6.5% less bright than sunlight reaching the Earth at perihelion.

July 6

On Wednesday, July 6, 2022, the Moon will appear half-full as it reaches its first quarter at 10:14 p.m. EDT (when the Moon will be 29 degrees above the west-southwestern horizon).

July 7-8

On Thursday evening into early Friday morning, July 7 to 8, 2022, the bright star Spica will appear about 5 degrees to the lower right of the waxing gibbous moon. The Moon will be 34 degrees above the southwestern horizon as evening twilight ends at 9:47 p.m. EDT, and Spica will set first below the west-southwestern horizon after midnight at 12:56 a.m.

July 10-11

On Sunday evening into Monday morning, July 10 to 11, 2022, the bright star Antares will appear about 4 degrees to the lower right of the waxing gibbous moon. The Moon will be 26 degrees above the east-northeastern horizon as evening twilight ends at 9:46 p.m. EDT, will reach its highest in the sky for the night about 40 minutes later at 10:28 p.m., and Antares will set first below the west-southwestern horizon a little more than 4 hours after that at 2:51 a.m.

Monday morning, July 11, 2022, is likely the last morning that Mercury might be visible in the glow of dawn for this apparition, as it will rise above the east-northeastern horizon at 5:20 a.m. EDT, just 32 minutes before sunrise at 5:52 a.m.

July 13: The Full Moon After Next

Wednesday morning, July 13, 2022, at 5:06 a.m. EDT, the Moon will be at perigee, its closest to the Earth for this orbit.

The full moon after next will be Wednesday afternoon, July 13, 2022, at 2:38 p.m. EDT. Since this is less than 10 hours after perigee, this too will be a supermoon. The Moon will appear full for about three days around this time, from early Tuesday morning through early Friday morning.