| The New Kingdom |
The Pharaohs of dynasties 18-20 ruled ancient Egypt through the golden age of the New Kingdom (1570-1070 BCE). Great kings such as Tuthmosis III, Amenhotep III and Ramesses II controlled a powerful empire and embarked on monumental building projects that saw mighty cult Temples built to honor the gods.
Funeral Temples
The Temple of Abu Simbel is one of the most important funerary temples.
The funerary temples were built for a purpose other than worship. This type of temple was dedicated to performing funeral services for the king or pharaoh and for performing religious rituals, religious songs and prayers. The dates of the pharaoh's family, origin and origin are written on this type of temple.
At the beginning, the funerary temples were built around the pyramids in the Old and Middle Kingdom, but in the era of the modern state, the pharaohs began to build their tombs in the Valley of the Kings, so they built their funerary temples separately. The kings of the modern state were among these temples and their tombs for several real and religious reasons This is because the ancestors were interested in preserving the body, and this is why they chewed it and put it in different coffins, which they put in place in a fortified place. One of its forms was the pyramid, and this is for the kings. The pyramid had visible attachments from the funerary temples, but the kings of the modern state saw this form alone as evidence of a cemetery that caught the attention of the thief. Among the most important funerary temples:
Hatshepsut temple |
1- Hatshepsut temple in the monastery of the sea:
The temple of Hatshepsut is unique in its style. There are no temples between the three temples, one of which is built by one of the most important engineers of the time. The temple was dedicated to worship and offerings to the queen and its predecessors, but it was dedicated to other purposes, Amon was also called the Egyptian texts, and was attached to the structures of the goddess of the gods of the cemetery are Anubis and Hathor.
2 - Temple Ramsium built by Ramses II:
| ramesseum temple |
The temple is also known as the Palace of millions of years, and the Greek historian Rioros called it the tomb of "Simandias", a Greek misinterpretation of the ancient name of Ramses II.
The temple is one of the most beautiful temples in Egypt, consisting of the remains of roads and columns Osirih broken and said a huge half collapsed, and appeared to be made of brick brick, which rises in one level with the wall of the temple.
The Egyptian-French Antiquities Mission, headed by Christian Lablan, located at the Ramessium temple in the western region of Al-Barr in Luxor, found important remains of the temple dating back to the era of the 19th and 20th Pharaonic families. It includes a group of public kitchens, Dedicated to educating the sons of workers.
3- The second temple of Montuhotep, next to the temple of Hatshepsut in the monastery of the sea:
temple of Montuhotep |
The road starts at Al-Assasif village. This road is about 1.5 km long. It is the tallest road known to the ancient Egyptian civilization. It is surrounded by a wall about three and a half meters high. The road is without a roof. God's Temples The ascending roads without roof and floor of this road are made of brick and then covered with a layer of colored plaster in white, although the ascending roads in the other funerary collections are made of limestone. But here in this way, the ground was made of brick, because of the weakness of the possibilities, and also because of the length of the road, but on the brick of bricks was placed a layer of white plaster, so that it would be like a white stone, and the god Amun Ra would walk on this road to go to King Montuhotep II. Statues on the sides of the ascending road and the distance between each statue and the last nine meters and these statues represent the king in the situation Osirip standing wearing the robes of the celebration of Valentine's Day Dam and his beard long loan extended to the chest and wearing the crown of the Red North and the crown of the South White.
