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A Concern For Patients Taking Both Insulin And Beta-Blockers Is

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves prescription drugs such as Farxiga to treat certain conditions. Farxiga may also be used off-label for other conditions. Off-label use is when a drug that’s approved to treat one condition is used to treat a different condition.Below, we describe Farxiga’s approved uses. It’s important to note that Farxiga isn’t approved to treat type 1 Diabetes. And the drug also shouldn’t be used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which is a life threatening condition that’s related to diabetes. It’s also not used for type 2 diabetes in certain people with kidney problems, or for kidney problems in certain people.Farxiga for type 2 diabetesFarxiga is FDA-approved for use in adults with type 2 diabetes to:improve blood sugar levels when used along with improved diet and exercisereduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in people with either heart disease or risk factors* for heart diseaseDiabetes is a chronic (long-lasting) condition. With diabetes, the level of sugar (glucose) in your bloodstream builds up. Normally, a hormone called insulin helps to move glucose from your bloodstream into your cells. (Once inside your cells, glucose is used to make energy.)But with type 2 diabetes, your body’s cells don’t respond to insulin as well as they should. And in the later stages of diabetes, your body also might not make enough insulin.Having type 2 diabetes that’s not managed can cause your blood glucose level to be high all the time. And this can cause several symptoms that may lead to serious complications, such as heart failure. * Some examples of risk factors for heart disease include being of an older age, having high cholesterol or high blood pressure, and smoking. How type 2 diabetes and heart failure are connectedMany of the risk factors and changes in bodily functions are the same for both type 2 diabetes and heart failure. So both of these conditions can be a risk factor for the other.For example, having too much sugar and insulin in your bloodstream also causes fatty buildup and inflammation in your blood vessels. This weakens your heart and can lead to heart failure. On the other hand, having heart failure is linked to metabolic problems (problems with your body’s ability to process energy). And this can lead to uncontrolled blood sugar and diabetes.In clinical studies, people with type 2 diabetes were two to four times more likely to develop heart failure. They also had a 50% higher risk of hospitalization than someone without diabetes.If you have heart failure without diabetes, you have up to a 60% risk of developing insulin resistance. (With insulin resistance, your body’s insulin isn’t working as it should to move glucose from your bloodstream into your cells.)Because of the link between type 2 diabetes and heart failure, drugs like Farxiga can help improve both conditions.Effectiveness for glucose control in type 2 diabetesA large number of clinical trials have been performed on Farxiga in people with type 2 diabetes. In some studies, different doses of Farxiga alone were compared with a placebo (treatment with no active drug).In other studies, combinations of Farxiga and other diabetes drugs were compared with a placebo or different diabetes drug. These other diabetes drugs include metformin, glipizide, glimepiride, glyburide, pioglitazone, sitagliptin, exenatide, and insulin.One clinical study compared treatment with Farxiga alone to that of a placebo in people with untreated type 2 diabetes. After 24 weeks of treatment:people taking Farxiga 5 mg had their fasting blood sugar* levels decreased by 24.1 mg/dL and their hemoglobin A1c (A1C)† level was lowered by 0.8%.people taking Farxiga 10 mg had their fasting blood sugar levels decreased by 28.8 mg/dL and their A1C level lowered by 0.9%.people taking the placebo had their fasting blood sugar levels decreased by 4.1 mg/dL and their A1C level lowered by 0.2%.About 44% to 51% of people in this study who took Farxiga for 24 weeks reached their goal A1C of less than 7%. In the placebo group, only about 32% of people reached their goal.Other clinical studies looked at treatment with Farxiga in combination with other diabetes drugs in people with type 2 diabetes. The studies showed that the people had similar or better results as people taking Farxiga alone. * Fasting blood sugar is measured after you’ve fasted for a certain period of time. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends a fasting blood sugar level of 80 mg/dL to 130 mg/dL for most adults.† A1C is a measurement that shows your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. The ADA recommends an A1C goal of less than 7% for most adults. Effectiveness for reducing hospitalization risk from heart failure in type 2 diabetesIn a clinical study, people taking Farxiga had a 27% lower rate of hospitalization due to heart failure than did people taking a placebo. (A placebo is a treatment with no active drug.) People in this study had type 2 diabetes. And they were followed for about 4 years.Farxiga for heart failureFarxiga is approved for use in adults with heart failure. For this use, the drug is given to people with reduced ejection fraction (EF)* to reduce the risk for:hospitalization for heart failure, andcardiovascular death (death that’s related to a heart or blood vessel problem)* With reduced EF, your heart isn’t able to pump out as much blood to the rest of your body as usual.With heart failure, your heart isn’t working as well to pump blood throughout your body. Without enough blood flow, your body can’t function normally. Typical symptoms of heart failure can include:shortness of breathtirednessedema (swelling) in your legs, ankles, and feetEffectiveness for reducing death in people with heart failureIn a clinical study, people taking Farxiga had an 18% lower rate of death due to heart or blood vessel problems compared with people taking a placebo. (A placebo is a treatment with no active drug.) People in this study were followed for 18 months.Effectiveness for reducing hospitalization risk of heart failureIn the same clinical study as above, people taking Farxiga had a 30% lower likelihood of being hospitalized for heart failure compared with people taking a placebo.Farxiga for kidney diseaseFor people with chronic (long-lasting) kidney disease that may worsen, Farxiga is FDA-approved to lower certain risks. Specifically, it’s used to reduce the risk of:With chronic kidney disease, your kidneys don’t work as well as usual to clean and filter your blood. This condition gets worse over time, and it may lead to kidney failure.Possible symptoms of kidney disease can include:Effectiveness for reducing complications in people with kidney diseaseClinical studies showed that Farxiga was effective in reducing complications in people with kidney disease. To see how the drug performed in these studies, check out Farxiga’s prescribing information.Other possible uses for FarxigaThe FDA hasn’t approved other uses for Farxiga. However, the drug may be used off-label for certain purposes. Off-label use is when a drug is approved for one purpose but is prescribed for a different purpose.Farxiga for type 1 diabetes (not an acceptable use)Farxiga is approved to treat type 2 diabetes. But it’s not approved to treat type 1 diabetes, and it should not be used to treat this condition.In one clinical study, Farxiga reduced blood sugar levels, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),* and total daily insulin doses in people with type 1 diabetes. However, the drug also increased the risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a life threatening condition that’s related to diabetes.People with type 1 diabetes already have a risk for DKA. This risk may be increased if they take Farxiga.The risk of having DKA outweighs the potential benefits of using Farxiga in people with type 1 diabetes. So Farxiga should not be used by people with type 1 diabetes.* A1C is a measurement that shows your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends an A1C goal of less than 7% for most adults.Farxiga for weight lossMany people with diabetes who take Farxiga lose weight. Your doctor may recommend Farxiga for you if you have type 2 diabetes and overweight.But keep in mind that Farxiga hasn’t been studied or approved as an aid to weight loss. You should only take Farxiga as prescribed by your doctor.For more information about this, see the “Farxiga for weight loss” section below.

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