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Batteries, the highly efficient energy storage systems, are involved in an energy-ecological evolution through their extensive application spanning from portable electronics to electric vehicles to grid-scale energy storage. With the rising shift from Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs), which use nonrenewable resources, to electric mobility, the consumption of fossil fuels and carbon emission levels are likely to be reduced significantly. Due to the mounting demand for renewable sources coupled with their variable & intermittent nature, battery technologies aid as a powerful means of bringing these clean & cost-effective energy sources to everyday utilization by storing the energy, which can help phase out the reliance on fossil fuels & move toward energy sustainability. Lithium-ion batteries have ruled the electrical market for past decades. However, since lithium-ion batteries are moving toward their theoretical limits, along with their extremely high costs, many industrial users are seeking new battery chemistries that can go beyond lithium-ion intercalation in response to the ever-growing energy demand. In this context, lithium-sulfur batteries are gaining immense popularity among major end-user verticals. There's an emerging trend of electrification in the transportation sector worldwide. Governments of several countries are taking initiatives & imposing stringent norms to curb carbon emissions by encouraging people to use electric vehicles. Besides, many companies are substantially investing in the renewable sector. Based on these aspects, a research study has cited around 72% compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) for the Global Lithium-Sulfur Battery Market during 2021-26. Promising Advantages of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries • High Energy Density One of the most significant advantages of lithium sulfur batteries is higher energy density per unit weight. The theoretical energy density of Lithium sulfur battery is 2,700 Wh/kg. Owing to this property the application of lithium sulfur batteries is expected to expand over to large vehicles and aviation • Material Availability & Costs Cost reduction is one of the biggest challenges that is faced by the majority of manufacturers. The major cost of current batteries is due to the high price of nickel and cobalt. However, the materials used in the electrodes of Lithium sulfur batteries are comparatively low price as it uses sulfur as its major component which is the most abundant element on earth. Therefore, the availability of the raw material is quite easy making the lithium sulfur battery cheaper as compared to other batteries. Also, the exclusion of transition metals like cobalt from batteries is an important consideration owing to environmental concerns. • Environmentally Friendly With the rapid adoption of battery technology the environmental impact of these batteries and their components is becoming a serious concern. Lithium-Ion batteries contain nickel and cobalt, which are attained through intensive mining efforts. These metals can have a significant negative impact on water supplies, wildlife, and food supplies. However, the abundant presence of sulfur does not have such an effect on the environment, making lithium sulfur batteries environment-friendly. A Few Drawbacks • The transportation of Lithium Sulfur batteries is one of the major challenges because of the chemicals used in them. Most airline company restricts carrying lithium sulfhur batteries in the aircraft. • The sulfur used at the cathode undergoes expansion while discharging. This expansion can lead to fracturing of the cathode and a loss of electrical connectivity in the electrode, which, in turn, results in reducing the number of charges and discharge cycles a cell can undertake Conclusion So we learned that lithium-sulfur batteries are used where high energy density is required. However, they have some limitations, like being costlier than other batteries, and due to safety concerns, it is not allowed to transport large amounts of lithium-sulfur in aircraft. Nevertheless, their advantages shouldn't be overlooked since they play a crucial role in transforming batteries & their usage. Moreover, with advancements in the coming years, they are likely to become cost-effective, and people would be able to use them in their high-tech devices like cars, electronic gadgets, etc. As a result, the Global Lithium-Sulfur Battery Market is set to witness massive expansion in the years to come.