Brazil's Supreme Court ruled that the legal theory of Marco Temporal, which would limit Indigenous land claims and open territories to extractive industries, is unconstitutional. However, lawmakers approved legislation to make marco temporal legal, putting Indigenous lands at risk. Indigenous peoples protect nearly 80% of the world's biodiversity, but deforestation in the Amazon has risen 56% under former President Bolsonaro's policies. The agribusiness sector supports marco temporal, citing economic development. Indigenous rights advocacy groups and Indigenous organizations are urging President Lula to veto the bill, but lawmakers can override it with a majority vote.

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