Here are a list of biomedical equipment used in Hospitals,

Electrocardiograph (ECG)

Electrocardiograph (ECG) is an Instrument used to diagnose heart disorders. For each time the heart beats, ECG produces the electrical currents. Through these currents, we can examine the rate and pattern of contraction of the heart. An electrocardiograph picks up these currents and records them on paper. The electrocardiograph may be connected to a printer, which prints the record. This record is called an electrocardiogram, often abbreviated to ECG. The electrocardiograph may also be connected to an oscilloscope, an instrument that displays the currents on a TV-type screen. An electrocardiograph contains amplifying and recording equipment. Wires run from the machine to electrodes-strips of metal that conduct electricity. In 1903 Dutch physiologist Willem Einthoven invented the first crude electrocardiograph in the form of a string galvanometer. He was awarded the 1924 Nobel Prize in medicine and physiology for this work.

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

Electroencephalograph is an instrument used to measure and record the electrical voltages produced by neurons in the brain. A recording of this electrical activity is called an Electroencephalograph. Doctors and neuroscientists use the electroencephalograph to study normal brain activity, as well as abnormal brain states that caused by injury, tumour, infection or even death. To record an electroencephalogram, medical personnel attach electrodes from the electroencephalograph to the patient's scalp. Hans Berger, a German psychiatrist invented the first electroencephalograph in 1929 to measure the rhythmical electrical activity of the human brain

Thermometer

Thermometer is a biomedical device that measures the temperature of solid, liquid and gases. The action of a thermometer is based on the fact that certain measurable physical characteristics of substances change when the temperature changes. These characteristics include the volume of a liquid and the length of a solid. Another is the resistance - that is, the opposition to the flow of electricity - in an electrical conductor. There are three principal types of thermometres: (1) liquid-in-glass, (2) deformation type and (3) electrical. Many types of thermometers are made as both digital thermometres and disposable thermometers.

Syringe

Syringe is a pump-like device. It is a tube, tapered at one end, with a plunger or a soft, hollow bulb at the other. The plunger or bulb either creates suction or forces fluid from the syringe. Syringes are used to spray or inject liquids or to remove them by suction.

Spirometer

Spirometer is an instrument that measures the amount of air a person breathes. Doctors use spirometers mainly to diagnose the certain respiratory disorders and to evaluate treatment. A common type of spirometer consists of two cylinders, one filled with air and the other with water. Both cylinders are open at one end. The air-filled Cylinder, which is attached to weights, floats open-end down in the water-filled cylinder. The patient breathes through the mouth into a tube extending from the air cylinder. When the person exhales, the amount of air in this cylinder increases and the cylinder rises in the water. As the patient inhales, air leaves the cylinder and it falls. The movement of the air cylinder provides a measure of the volume of air breathed and is recorded on a strip of paper called a spirogram.

Catheter

The first catheter was made in 1929 by a German physician named, Werner Theodor Otto Forssmann. He made it with a thin rubber tube.  It was intended to examine the diseased hearts. In 1936, other physicians of United States named Dickinson W Richards and Andre F Cournand make developments on Forssmann's catheter and experimented on animals. But the first successful human cardiac catheterization was happened in 1941 under the control of physicians named, Richards and Cournand. The catheter can measure the rate of flow of blood, oxygen and also the blood pressure.

Humidifier

Humidifier is a biomedical device which increases the amount of moisture in indoor air or a stream at air. The working principle of Humidifier is by letting water to evaporate from a pan or from a wet surface or by circulating moisture in air. Humidifiers are used in industry to create an atmosphere suitable for testing or processing certain materials. In homes, humidifiers help reduce static electricity and prevent wood structures and furniture from becoming brittle.

Ophthalmoscope

Ophthalmoscope is an optical instrument used for examining the interior part of the eye. Ophthalmologists and optometrists can diagnose many eye conditions by using the ophthalmoscope to examine abnormalities in the eye. There are two main types of ophthalmoscopes. They are the direct ophthalmoscope and the indirect ophthalmoscope. The direct ophthalmoscope contains a light, a prism and a mirror and lenses. These parts are mounted in the head of the instrument, which is attached to a handle containing a battery. The prism and mirror project the light on the back of the eye. The lenses enable the examiner to focus the light to provide a clear, magnified view of the eye's interior. The indirect ophthalmoscope consists of a light worn on the examiner's head and a lens held in front of the patient's eye. This instrument enables the examiner to see a larger area than the direct ophthalmoscope does, but with lower magnification. The ophthalmoscope was invented in 1851 by German physician and physicist Hermann Ludwig Von Helmholtz for the purpose of examining the interior of an eye through its pupil.

Pace Maker

Clarence Walton Lillehei, an American physician built the first pacemaker in 1957. Lillehei’s pacemaker was an electric unit that could be inserted in the patients chest where it would give off an electrical jolt in order to regulate the pace of the heart beat.

Sphygmomanometer

In 18633 French physiologist Etienne Jules Marey invented the first sphygmograph for the purpose of recording blood pressure. An external sphygmomanometer that allowed the measurement of blood pressure in clinical settings was developed in 1896 by Scipione Riva-Rocci (Italy).

Sphygmometer

The sphygmometer was invented in 1835 by French physician Julius Herisson. It transmitted impulses from the pulse beat to a mercury column and made each beat visible to the observer. Herisson 's sphygmometer was the first tool to visually show and numerically measure the pulse beat without the need to puncture an artery.

Audiometer

To aid his research on the mechanics of the cochlea, Hungarian-born physicist Georg Von Bekesy (U.S) developed an “audiometer” during the 1960s. Designed to test the hearing function, it was able to distinguish between deafness caused by functional loss in the cochlea and that caused by a problem with the auditory nerve.