Directions (1-10): Read the passage to answer the question given below. 
Efforts to promote Green growth as a new source of growth have been escalating in recent years in the face of acute economic and environmental challenges. Building on this momentum can help to expedite progress towards poverty reduction and sustainable development by using natural resources and other energy forms effectively and efficiently. Green technologies like low carbon technologies are being used in an effort to achieve green growth. Green growth is an outcome of sustainable development policy and it handles two key imperatives: comprehensive financial development needed by developing nations to reduce poverty and enhance prosperity and improved environmental management needed to handle scarcity of resources and unpredictable climate changes.

The idea of green growth was taken differently by different governments. Some governments approached it from a short term growth perspective while others approached it from an environmental perspective. The main objective of growth mindset is to boost jobs and incomes through investment in green technologies and the environmental perspective is aimed at internalising environmental externalities by mainstreaming sustainable development requirements into economic decision making. Apart from these two imperatives, few developing countries have proposed the idea of equity and inclusion in green growth. According to this notion, green growth should also serve those who are excluded by current economic system. Informal economy is very large in many developing countries, which leads to a growing convergence around the notion that current economic system is unsound in terms of sustainable resource use and distributing costs and benefits equally.

In order to achieve sustainability and to identify and develop particular areas of opportunity and comparative advantage, governments of few developing countries have recently embarked on domestic processes like carbon taxes, green energy funds, renewable energy initiatives, etc. However, there are few holistic “green growth” policies, strategies and institutional systems in place. Some developing country strategies stand out. For most countries, however, national sustainable development strategies go some way in forming an integrated green growth policy framework, though green growth has rarely been addressed in mainstream economic, budget and fiscal policies

1. What is the meaning of the phrase 'internalising environmental externalities' according to the passage?
1. Using sustainable resources of energy only
2. Covering up the cost of resource consumption through fines or impositions
3. Integrating environmental needs in the stage of economic decision making
4. Limiting the use of natural resources
5. Ensuring no environmental damage

2. What is the main reason behind advancing green development in the course of recent years?
1. Inefficient usage of energy resources
2. Inefficient management of environment
3. Unsteady environmental changes
4. Increasing poverty in developing countries
5. Pressing environmental and financial problems

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the proponents of growth perspective?
1. They do not want the developed section to enjoy benefits of green growth.
2. They are entirely focused in enhancing job availability in developing countries.
3. They believe in equal distribution of wealth in all the developing countries.
4. They aim at boosting incomes by investing in low-carbon technologies.
5. They believe in including environmental impacts in economic decision making.

4. Which of the following is an initiative by governments of some developing countries to ensure sustainable development?
1. Formulation of holistic programmes at the national level
2. Cutting down emissions by penalising or providing funds
3. Exclusion of developed countries from green growth benefits
4. Handling unpredictable environmental  changes in a sustainable way
5. Providing funds to interested individuals to develop holistic institutional systems

5. Why do more and more people think that the economic system of the world is not functioning smoothly?
1. Developing countries do not cater to the economic needs of every individual.
2. Resource usage is not a viable one and presence of uneven distribution of costs.
3. Green growth does not serve left out communities.
4. The idea of green growth is implemented completely in all the countries.
5. Developing countries have to come up with their own strategies for equitable  resource usage.

6. The author talks of “building on this momentum”. In what sense has this phrase been used?
1. Handling all the energy forms efficiently
2. Making efforts towards advancing green growth
3. Progressing steadily towards poverty reduction
4. Progressing towards economic growth by unsustainable use of natural resources
5. Facing economic and environmental challenges valiantly

7. Which word is nearly the same in meaning as 'holistic' as used in the passage?
1. Balanced
2. Particular
3. Comprehensive
4. Healthy
5. Sustainable

8. Which of the following is most nearest in meaning to the word 'imperative' as used in the passage?
1. Requirement
2. Directive
3. Request
4. Command
5. Organisation

9. In context of the above passage, choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the given word. “Embarked”
1. Stalled
2. Extinguished
3. Quenched
4. Destroyed
5. Left

10. In context of the above passage, choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the given word.“Unsound”
1. Healthy
2. Sensible
3. Reasonable
4. Balanced
5. Sustainable

Directions(11-15): Rearrange the following five sentences (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the question given below them. 
1) His discovery that the firebrand, from which the torch may well have developed, could be used for illumination was probably incidental.
2) Before primitive man discovered less laborious ways of making fire, he had to preserve it.
3) He may have had his first conception of how lamps could be made while watching a twig or fibre burning in the molten fat dropped from roasting carcass.
4) Whenever he went on a journey, he carried a burning stick with him.
5) Similarly, lamps too were probably discovered by accident.

11. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after the rearrangement?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

12. Which of the following should be the FIFTH sentence after the rearrangement?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

13. Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence after the rearrangement?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

14. Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence after the rearrangement?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

15. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after the rearrangement?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

Directions (16-20): The following sentence has been divided into four parts labelled (A), (B), (C) and (D). Identify the part that contains an error. If there is no error in any part of the sentence, mark your answer as (E).
16. It’s not just minor things (A)/ that decline with size, (B)/ and major issues (C)/ having significant economic impact. (D)/ No error (E)
1. (A)
2. (B)
3. (C)
4. (D)
5. (E)

17. Never I have listened (A)/ to such beautiful music (B)/ as the piece we heard on the radio (C)/ last night. (D)/ No error (E)
1. (A)
2. (B)
3. (C)
4. (D)
5. (E)

18. Most adolescents struggle (A)/ to be free both of (B)/ parental domination (C)/ but also from peer pressure. (D)/ No error (E)
1. (A)
2. (B)
3. (C)
4. (D)
5. (E)

19. When his overall performance (A)/ has been good, (B)/ he needs to work harder (C)/ on the theoretical concepts. (D)/ No error (E)
1. (A)
2. (B)
3. (C)
4. (D)
5. (E)

20. The glass tube (A)/ in the fluorescent lamp (B)/ contains mercury vapour (C)/ under small pressure. (D)/ No error (E)
1. (A)
2. (B)
3. (C)
4. (D)
5. (E)

Directions(21-25): The sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labelled (1) through (5). Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.
21. He demanded ..... obedience from us and told us that we must be .... subjects. 
1. qualified, obsequious
2. downright, inane
3. formal, rigorous
4. complete, compliant
5. marginal, loyal

22. Tempers ran high among the old timers, who .... the young mayor and his .... city council.
1. despised, bewitching
2. applauded, elite
3. resented, revolutionary
4. forgave, activist
5. feared, indolent

23. With the discovery of a/an .... alternative fuel source, oil prices dropped significantly ..... thereby increasing the chances of competition.
1. inexpensive, worldwide
2. variant, everywhere
3. possible, globally
4. feasible, universally
5. potential, ubiquitously

24. That they are endowed by their creator with ..... right to life, liberty and the ..... of happiness.
1. impeccable; road
2. non-partisan; adequacy
3. inalienable; pursuit
4. legitimate; bountiful
5. creative; pursuit

25. A compact crowd, ..... but orderly, was held in place by a lone policeman.
1. anomalous
2. Clamorous
3. Embryonic
4. veracious
5. lumpy