Dear readers, here we are offering Birsa Munda Biography in English PDF to all of you. Birsa Munda was born on 15 November 1875 in Ulihatu village of Ranchi district. Birsa Munda was a tribal leader and folk hero. He belonged to the Munda caste. Tribal people also call him Birsa Bhagwan. Birsa’s father’s name was Sugna Munda and his mother’s name was Karmi Hatu.  Birsa Munda had earned this honor by raising the Munda tribals against the oppression of the British. He fought against the British rulers and protected the interests of the Munda tribals. Birsa Munda was a tribal leader who inspired the tribals to fight against the British in India’s freedom struggle.

In present India, the tribals of Ranchi and Singhbhoomi now remember Birsa Munda as ‘Birsa Bhagwan’. Birsa Munda has been an important contributor to the history of the Indian independence movement. His family migrated from Ulihatu to Kurumbada after his birth in search of employment, where he used to earn his living by working in the fields. After that, his family moved to Bamba in search of work. Birsa Munda, popularly known as Bhagwan Birsa Munda, belongs to the Munda caste.

Birsa Munda Biography in English PDF Overview

Birsa Munda Biography in English Quick Summary

• Birsa Munda was born at Ulihatu in the Bengal Presidency (presently in Jharkhand) on 15th November 1875 into a Munda family. His parents were Sugana Munda and Karmi Hatu.
• His childhood was spent in a typical Munda fashion amidst poverty.
• He converted to Christianity and became Birsa David/Daud in order to receive an education from a missionary school.
• He spent a great part of his childhood in Chaibasa. He was influenced by the national movement there. His father withdrew him from the missionary school. Birsa developed a strong anti-government and anti-missionary stamp on his mind from there.
• During the 1890s, he started speaking to his people about the exploitation done by the British. The British agrarian policies were stifling the tribal people and disrupting their way of life which was hitherto peaceful and in tune with nature. Another problem was that of cultural belittlement of the tribal people by the Christian missionaries.
• The Mundas had followed the Khunkhatti system of joint landholding. The British replaced this egalitarian system with the Zamindari System. Outsiders entered the tribal landscape and started exploiting them. In their own turf, they became forced labourers. Poverty descended on them like a strangling chain.
• In 1894, Birsa announced his declaration against the British and the Dikus (outsiders) and thus began the Munda Ulgulan. This is a very important rebellion of the tribal people among the various uprisings of the tribals and peasants in India in the 19th century.
• Birsa also started his own religion and proclaimed he was god’s messenger. Many Mundas, Kharias and Oraons accepted him as their leader. Many other Hindus and Muslims also flocked to see the new leader of the masses.
• Birsa advocated the tribal people to shun the missionaries and revert to their traditional ways. He also asked people not to pay taxes.
• He was arrested in 1895 and released after two years. In 1899, he resumed his armed struggle along with the people. He razed police stations, government property, churches and houses of Zamindars.
• The British caught him in 1900 from Jamkopai forest, Chakradharpur. Birsa Munda died on June 9th 1900 while lodged at the Ranchi jail aged just 25. Authorities claimed he died of cholera although this is doubted.

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