The world is a 4.543 billion years old and has witnessed a cascade of calamities which have shaped its current form of existence. Its evolution itself was due to the accretion from the hot solar nebula. Eruptions of the volcanic gases created the atmosphere and the oceans. It was gaseous Pollution that birthed the earth and this pollution itself will be held accountable for the end of it. Gaseous pollution leads to Air Pollution which in turn affects numerous functions of the planet.
Despite decades of progress and evolvement, the one aspect that seems to be deteriorating is, Air health. Air health has been a rising concern for quiet some time now. Talking about air health, it does not just mean the CO2 levels and the UV rays hampering the stratosphere, it also has to do with the generic air pollution.
What is Air Pollution?
A mixture of particles and gases in immensely high concentrations which are deemed to be detrimental to human health is known as Air Pollution. Fossil fuels have been a major source of air pollution. Petrol and diesel have been used in automobiles for almost over a century now. There are enumerable other pollutants which have been pivotal incriminating factors in global rise in air pollution. Industries and factories are other causative agents that are additives in this ever increasing air pollution fiasco.
Due to the increase in air pollution there has been an increase in the need of Pollution control agencies or basically pollution control. Presently there are numerous companies which do the essential, that is pollution control. Pollution control is a word that is used for the purpose of Environmental Management.
These companies are equipped with the machinery that prevents from Volatile Organic Components (VOC) and Hazardous Air Pollution (HAP) such as sulphuric gases, fumes, odours and vapours. Air pollution equipment works in the following way
- Modification of Expelled Chemicals.
This process involves the converting of harmful chemicals to inert chemicals. This done via the process of flue gas desulphurization electrostatic precipitator.In order to clean up Nitrogen oxide, catalytic reduction process is used. This regulates nitrogen oxide emissions from non-moving sources. They also instil thermal oxidation, catalytic oxidation or bio-filtration.
- Contaminant Destruction
This is a very taxing process with boiling of the liquid at high temperatures to cause break down of the pollutant chemicals who have a high boiling temperature into molecules that could be easily separated out.
- Hazard Removal
Removal of the hazardous element from the air is the most common and the easiest form of air purification. This could be performed by a number of ways but the most preferred way is that of using the air filter.
Air Pollution Monitoring System
- APMS(air pollution monitoring systems) could again be classified into 3 categories, indoor, outdoor and industrial APMS.
- Indoor APMS accounts for the pollution in small secluded places such as homes and offices.
- Outdoor APMS accounts for factory waste and industrial activity and other natural or unnatural sources of pollutants.
- Industrial APMS includes the waste generated from the factories and other industrial outlets.
Talking about types of air pollution controlling equipments there are a few monitoring systems that have been used by these companies.
- CEMs or Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems
CEMs are basically monitoring equipments which are used in measuring gaseous components and particulate matter concentration.
- Electrostatic precipitators
This type of precipitator uses static electricity to get rid of soot and ash before they are exhaled through the smokestacks.
- Cyclone Separators
Cyclone separators generally use the concept of inertia separation which includes the settling of the heavier particles on the bas via using a vortex.
- Fabric filters
These are a comparatively simpler option that could optimally reduce the dust from the flue gases.
Air is composed of fine molecules and an even finer concentration of gases. Air Quality Management(AQM) is carried out by various different agencies and companies worldwide depending on the quality of the gases and mixtures present in the atmosphere. The minor presence of toxins in the air could prove to be very dangerous to human health.
There are uncertainties in the effects of the concentration of the pollutants in the air on the variants of humans available. The repercussions seem to be dramatic. For example, one does not know whether, short term exposure to such pollutants is toxic or long term exposure is more intoxicating. However, many reports suggest that both are equally alarming.
Air pollution is risky as it may accelerate the effect of an already existing disease, that seems to be a major problem in most countries where air pollution is an issue. However, Air pollution is a rising concern amongst all the countries with a desire to be addressed with immediate effect.
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