First of all, indicate the subject of your public speaking and the main idea. The right topic and title will determine the volume of your Speech and the aspect of the problem. Since the topic is formulated very broadly, there is a great danger that you will not be able to or will not have time to disclose it in sufficient volume, and your speech will appear to be incomplete. The title should indicate the subject of the speech (what are you going to talk about?), and attract listeners with an unusual formulation of the question. It is also desirable that the title clearly defines the addressee of the speech, to whom your speech may be useful. Sub-headings can be used to specify.

The most important semantic element of the speech is an idea. The idea is the main thesis that you want to disclose in your speech, prove it or refute it. Without this central idea, speech literally crumbles. It can be likened to the overarching goal in acting, for what all action takes place on the stage, then, to the affirmation of which all the heroes of the theatrical performance come.

The idea is closely related to the concept of the goal of the speech. The purpose of the speech can be formulated in the form of an answer to the question: what kind of reactions do I expect after my speech?

There are three types of goals:

1. Teach, inform (typical for scientific, educational, business and news media);
2. To deliver pleasure, entertain (satirical and humorous performances, stories in a friendly circle, toasts, congratulations, solemn speeches);
3. Lead, motivate (characteristic for the sphere of politics and business – pre-election and presentation speeches).

Selection of the material

As a result, you can use such sources of information:

• Official documents;
• Scientific, popular science literature;
• Reference literature: encyclopedias, dictionaries, statistical collections, tables, bibliographic indexes;
• Fiction;
• Articles from newspapers and magazines;
• Transmission of radio and television;
• Results of opinion polls;
• Own knowledge and experience;
• Personal contacts, interviews, interviews;
• Reflections and observations;
• And of course the INTERNET.

Furthermore, you can also explore the question in the library. Sign in to it, if not yet recorded, and periodically visit – look for the newspapers and periodicals. When preparing for a public speaking, contact the counselor on duty, ask him or her to orient you to your question. Usually consultants are willing to share their knowledge and can give you a valuable clue.

Text preparation tips

Take those cards and “scraps” of paper that carefully collected in an envelope, all extracts, examples and quotations, and from the scattered information, try to build an approximate plan for your speech. It can look like unfolding a solitaire on the table. But it is thanks to the fact that you made extracts on individual pieces of paper, you can clearly see what kind of example or thesis, which is better suited. After thinking through the logic and drawing up a plan of speech, fix it.

And now there is the most interesting thing: without making any preliminary records other than the thesis plan, you begin to CONDUCT your speech. Therefore, such oral preparation is of fundamental importance for oratorical speeches. If you write down the text at once, you, practically do not remember anything, and secondly your speech will be WRITTEN and it will not have that ease and focus on the audience that are inherent in the oral speech. You can write down the text only after you understand that you clearly remember every thesis and the semantic piece of your speech.

After the oral preparation is complete, write down your speech on paper (type on a computer) and analyze it. Check if there is anything superfluous, do not duplicate parts of each other. Read it as if you were seeing it for the first time. This is best done after some time after recording, for example, the next day. And, of course, check the finished text for the presence of speech errors and inaccuracies. Do not forget to clarify all terms and concepts in the explanatory dictionary or special literature.

You can take the record with you to the performance. But remember that even at the very beginning of oratory training, it is necessary not only to read out, but to utter speech with the maximum oratorical intensity. As a result read, but read as if you are speaking. In advance, highlight the main points, keywords and theses in large print in the text. Select the color markers for the features of each piece. Preliminarily make the intonational score of the text (we’ll talk about the score separately).

In conclusion, check out these tips on how to overcome the anxiety before your public speaking.

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