Although the term “active learning” can encompass a broad array of tactics and activities, the key is that practice matters. Classroom time gives students the opportunity to work with concepts so that knowledge can take hold in their own minds.
Active learning techniques range from quick-and-simple interventions to semester-long redesigns of course structure and delivery.
The techniques below can be used in your class to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. While some of these ideas work better in specific disciplines, each one can be adapted for use in any context.
1. Think-pair-share
Instructors briefly pause their lecture and ask students to pair up and discuss the material that was just presented, and to be prepared to ask questions or share observations with the entire class.
2. Minute papers
During a brief pause, students alone or in pairs are asked to answer a question in writing about the day’s teaching. The submitted responses can be used to gauge student comprehension of the material.
3. Quick quizzes
Administered at the start of class or during a pause, not for a grade, but to assess comprehension, much like minute papers.
4. Muddiest point
Students are given index cards and asked to write down which part of the course material is least understood by them.
5. Debates
Having students defend different viewpoints for the class is a means of structuring class discussion and ensuring that even those in the back rows have the opportunity to speak.
6. Case studies and problem solving
Students work in groups, applying knowledge gained from lectures or reading materials to a given situation.
7. Peer instruction
Have students prepare and present course material to the class.
8. Flipped classrooms
Students watch pre-recorded lectures as homework, then arrive in class prepared to spend the time engaged in any number of the activities described above.
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Photograph: Samantha Allen, 500px, CC BY-ND
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