Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder which reduces the ability of the body to produce hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is an important aspect of human body and without it; it becomes difficult to function normally. Low levels of hemoglobin can lead to a shortage in the Red Blood Cells and cause lack of oxygen inside the human body. It is an inherited medical condition and the symptoms vary from individual to individual. Individuals suffering from Thalassemia have anemia which leads to weakness, fatigue, paleness and a number of serious complications. Severe beta thalassemia is also known as thalassemia major and a less severe form is known as thalassemia intermedia. Diagnosis usually happens by a thorough blood test and the treatment depends on the severity in the person which could include folic acid supplementation, transfusion and iron chelation or bone marrow transplant. 

This medical condition is usually inherited from the parents but it is not necessary that every child will have the condition. When affected parents have children, each child has a 25% chance to be affected and 25% chance to be unaffected. Its symptoms range from iron overload which can result in the damage of the liver, heart and endocrine system. This damage is characterized by excessive deposits of iron from the disease itself or from transfusion of blood. Individuals affected from thalassemia have a higher risk of infection. Further, thalassemia can make the bone marrow expand and cause the bone to widen. This could lead to an abnormal bone structure and increases the risk of broken bones. Due to the removal of a large number of red blood cells, the spleen begins to enlarge which can reduce the life of transfused red blood cells. An enlarged spleen is a symptom of thalassemia. Children suffering from thalassemia see a slower growth and delayed puberty. Diseases like heart failure can be associated with severe thalassemia.

Beta thalassemia is common in North African, Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Region. Beta Thalassemia treatment includes transfusion therapy, splenectomy and iron chelation. The treatment can be determined based on the severity of the condition and the nature of long term treatment. The condition can only be diagnosed with a complete blood count check up. It is important for parents suffering from the condition to consult doctors regarding the same for their children. Since it is an inherited condition, parents should take precaution and see a Doctor when children are young so that the treatment can begin at an early stage. 

Bone marrow transplant can be a possibility to cure young people who have a matched donor. The success rate in this treatment has been high and the mortality rate is about 3%. People with severe thalassemia require medical treatment and blood transfusion is the first measure suggested by the doctors. Based on the stage of thalassemia, doctors suggest treatments which prolong life and increase the chances of survival. People with minor traits of thalassemia do not require a medical checkup or a follow up after an initial diagnosis has been made. Xpertdox offers a quick solution to all your medical queries.

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